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SSOCIATED
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ICHIGAN
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August 18, 2016
Charter Township of Canton Board Proceedings – August 9, 2016
A regular meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Charter Township of Canton was held Tuesday, August 9, 2016 at 1150 Canton
Center S., Canton, Michigan. Supervisor LaJoy called the meeting to order at 7:00 p.m. and led the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.
Roll Call
Members Present: Anthony, Bennett, LaJoy, McLaughlin, Sneideman (arrived 7:03 p.m.), Williams (arrived 7:07 p.m.)
Members Absent: Yack Staff Present: Director Bilbrey-Honsowetz, Director Faas, Director Meier, Director Trumbull, Kristin Kolb
Adoption of Agenda
Motion by Bennett, supported by Anthony to amend the agenda to add Item G-6 Consider Waving the
Purchasing Policy and Approve the Emergency Replacement of Patrol Car #1326 and Approval of a Budget Amendment. Motion
carried by all members present.
Approval of Minutes
Motion by Bennett, supported by Anthony to approve the Board Minutes of
July 26, 2016 as presented. Motion carried by all members present.
Citizen’s Non-Agenda Item Comments:
George Miller, 1946
Briarfield, stated he would like the Public Safety Grievance form to be changed to a complaint form. Mr. Miller stated he would
like the township to require residents obtain a permit to hold Garage Sales.
Payment of Bills
Motion by McLaughlin, supported by
Bennett to approve payment of the bills as presented. Motion carried by all members present.
CONSENT CALENDAR: Item C-
1. Resolution Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month. (Supv)
Motion by Bennett, supported by McLaughlin to adopt the following
resolution. Motion carried by all members present.
Resolution Declaring September 2016 as Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month
Whereas,
ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among women; and
Whereas,
each year, 22,000 women are
diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 15,000 die from the disease; and
Whereas,
historically, ovarian cancer has been called a “silent
killer” because symptoms were not thought to develop until the chance for a cure was poor; and
Whereas,
studies have actually
shown that ovarian cancer is not a silent killer and that the symptoms are often present very early in the disease; and
Whereas,
there
is no routine, reliable test for early detection of ovarian cancer; and
Whereas,
it is through education and awareness that the 85%
late stage diagnosis number can start to decrease.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED,
that the Canton Board of Trustees
does hereby declare September 2016 as “National Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month” and recognizes the need to raise awareness
of the impact of Ovarian Cancer on public health. Philip J. LaJoy, Canton Supervisor Date 8-9-2016 Ellen Kessler and Kathy Story,
members of the Michigan Ovarian Cancer Alliance, addressed the board regarding their personal experiences with ovarian cancer.
Item C-2. Consider Second Reading for Amendments to Part I, Chapter 34 Entitled “Environment”, Article III Entitled
“Noxious Weeds”, Sections 34-61 to 34-67. (MSD)
Motion by Bennett, supported by McLaughlin to remove from the table the
first reading of an ordinance which amends the Township Code of Ordinance, Part I, Chapter 34 Entitled “Environment”, Article III
Entitled “Noxious Weeds”, Sections 34-61 to 34-67;. Motion carried by all members present. Motion by Bennett, supported by
McLaughlin to hold the second reading and amend the Township Code of Ordinance, Part I, Chapter 34 Entitled “Environment”,
Article III Entitled “Noxious Weeds”, Sections 34-61 to 34-67 with a publication and effective date of August 18, 2016
STATE OF
MICHIGAN COUNTY OFWAYNE CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF CANTON CHAPTER 34 AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND
CHAPTER 34 OF THE CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF CANTON CODE OF ORDINANCES TO REVISE SECTIONS 34-61
THROUGH 34-67 TO ADD LANGUAGE REGARDING LAWN GRASS HEIGHT. THE CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF
CANTON ORDAINS: SECTION 1. AMENDMENT TO CODE.
Chapter 34 “Environment,” Article III “Noxious Weeds,” of
the Charter Township of Canton Code of Ordinances is hereby amended to read as follows:
ARTICLE III. – NOXIOUS WEEDS
AND LAWN GRASS HEIGHT
.
Sec. 34-61. – Noxious Weeds and lawn grass defined; exclusions.
For the purpose of this arti-
cle, noxious weeds shall include Canada thistle, dodders, mustards, wild carrot, bindweeds, perennial sow thistle, hoary alyssum,
ragweed, poison ivy, goldenrod, quack-grass, crabgrass, poison sumac, or any other plants which are recognized as inducing hay
fever, rose fever, or other diseases, or as being in any way deleterious to the health or comfort of the community. This article does
not apply to weeds in fields devoted to growing any small grain crop such as soybeans, wheat, oats, barley, or rye. For the purpose
of this article, lawn grass means any type and variety of grass(es) which is typically established as a ground cover for any occupied
or unoccupied residential, industrial, business or commercial property.
Sec. 34-62. – Violations; penalty.
It shall be the duty of the
township to prosecute or to complain to the proper authorities of any person who may violate any terms of this article. Any person
who shall violate or fail to comply with any of the provisions of this article or any of the regulations adopted in pursuance thereof
shall be guilty of a municipal civil infraction and may be fined not more than $150.00
Sec. 34-63. – Areas subject to article.
The
provisions of this article shall apply only to lots or parcels of land within the township which are within or adjacent to residential
areas, in any subdivision where construction has begun on 60 percent of the lots and in shopping areas, facilities or other areas where
large numbers of persons can be found or congregate. The weeds shall be cut to a distance of at least ten rods (160 feet) from the
areas mentioned in this section, or the depth of the lot, whichever is less. The provisions of this article shall not apply to any area
designated by the township as a “natural feature.”
Sec. 34-64. – Notice to cut weeds and lawn grass.
It shall be the duty of the
township to post notices in not less than three conspicuous places within the township and to publish a copy of such notice at least
once in a newspaper of general circulation within the township, not less than ten days prior to the time when such weeds must be
cut. The notice shall be in substantially the following form: NOTICE TO CUT NOXIOUS WEEDS To the owner or occupant or
any person or persons, firm or corporation having charge of any land in the Township of Canton: Notice is hereby given that all
noxious weeds growing on any land in the Charter Township of Canton, Wayne County, Michigan, must be cut and destroyed on or
before the ____________ day of ____________, A.D., ____________. And every owner, occupant, or person having charge of any
such land must notify the Township that such weeds have been destroyed within three days of such cutting. Any person failing to
comply with this notice on or before the date mentioned shall be liable to the imposition of the penalties set forth in Ordinance
Number 64, of the Charter Township of Canton, Wayne County, Michigan, and shall be liable for all expenses incurred by the
Township in destroying said noxious weeds, which expenses, if unpaid by the owner or to the occupant, shall be spread against the
property on the next County and School Tax Roll or the next General Township Tax Roll and/or the Township may place a lien upon
the property to secure the collection of such expense. The township may notify by certified mail, with return receipt requested, the
owner, agent, or occupant, as shown on the current county and school tax roll, of any lands on which such noxious weeds are found
growing. Such notice shall contain methods of treating and eradicating such noxious weeds and a summary of the provisions of this
section. Failure of the township to give such notice shall not, however, constitute a defense to any action to enforce the payment of
any penalty provided in this article or any debt created under this article. NOTICE TO CUT LAWN GRASS IN EXCESS OF FIVE
(5) INCHES The township shall notify the violator of excessive lawn grass in the same manner as provided for in Ord. No. 78-2(c).
Sec. 34-65. – Noxious weeds and lawn grass in excess of five (5) inches prohibited.
It shall be unlawful for the owner or occu-
pant or any person in charge of any lot or parcel of land within the township to permit or allow to grow thereon any noxious weeds
in any length or lawn grass in excess of five (5) inches. Presence of such weeds in any height or lawn grass in excess of five (5)
inches upon any such lot or parcel of land within the township is hereby declared to be a public nuisance and inimicable to public
health and safety.
Sec. 34-66. – Duty to remove.
It shall be the duty of every owner, occupant or person having charge of any land
within the township to cut down or cause to be cut down and destroyed all noxious weeds described in section 34-61 prior to May
1, June 1, July 1, August 1, and September 1 in each year and/or as needed and as often as may be necessary to prevent such nox-
ious weeds from going to seed.
Sec. 34-67. – Removal by township.
If any owner, agent or occupant shall refuse to destroy nox-
ious weeds or cause the noxious weeds to be destroyed or maintain lawn grass at five (5) inches or below from ground height pur-
suant to this article, it shall be the duty of the township to enter upon such lands and to destroy such noxious weeds or cause the
noxious weeds to be destroyed or to cut the lawn grass below five (5) inches, and such entering upon such lands the township shall
not be deemed as trespassing. Express power to so enter upon such lands and destroy such noxious weeds or cut the lawn grass is
hereby conferred upon the township. If the owner, agent or occupant has failed, after ten days’ notice as provided in this article, to
destroy such weeds or cause the weeds to be destroyed or cut lawn grass, then the township or any other officer or agent authorized
by the township may enter upon such lands or lots and destroy by cutting with or without mechanical equipment which will not
damage the property or the sidewalk adjacent thereto any such weeds or cut the lawn grass, and all such expenses incurred in such
lands shall be paid by the owner of such lands. If any owner billed for such services by mail has not paid for such services after 30
days from billing, the township shall have the right to spread such expense against the property of such owner on the county and
school tax roll of the general township tax roll and/or place a lien upon the property to secure the collection of such expense. The
township treasurer shall, subject to the approval of the township board, set up such billing procedures as may be required to accom-
plish the purpose of this article.
SECTION 2. SEVERABILITY
If any clause, sentence, section, paragraph or part of this
Ordinance, or the application of thereof to any person, firm, corporation, legal entity or circumstances, shall be for any reason
adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unconstitutional or invalid, said judgment shall not affect, impair or invalid the
remainder of this Ordinance. It is hereby declared to the legislative intent of this body that the Ordinance is severable, and that the
Ordinance would have been adopted had such invalid or unconstitutional provisions not have been included in this ordinance.
SEC-
TION 3. REPEAL OF CONFLICTING ORDINANCES
All Ordinance or parts of Ordinance in conflict herewith is hereby
repealed only to the extent necessary to give this Ordinance full force and effect.
SECTION 4. SAVINGS CLAUSE
All rights and
duties which have matured penalties which have been incurred, proceedings which have begun and prosecution for violations of
law occurring before the effective date of this Ordinance are not affected or abated by this Ordinance.
SECTION 5. PUBLICA-
TION
The Clerk for the Charter Township of Canton shall cause this Ordinance to be published in the manner required by law.
SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE
This Ordinance, as amended, shall take full force and effect upon publication as required by
law.
CERTIFICATION
The foregoing Ordinance was duly adopted by the Township Board of Trustees of the Charter Township
of Canton at its regular meeting called and held on the 9 th day of August, 2016, and was ordered to be given publication in the man-
ner required by law. Terry G. Bennett, Clerk Introduced: July 26, 2016 Adopted: August 9, 2016 Published: August 18, 2016
Effective: August 18, 2016 A copy of the complete text of this Ordinance is available at the Clerk’s Office of the Charter Township
of Canton, 1150 S. Canton Center Road, Canton, MI., 48188, during regular business hours. The approved text of the Amendment
will be published in the Canton Eagle/Associated Newspaper within the meeting minute’s synopsis of the date of approval. A com-
plete copy of the Ordinances for Canton Township is available at
.
Item C-3. Consideration Of Second
Reading And Adoption Of An Ordinance To Amend Chapter 46, Article V, Offenses Involving Public Peace And Order,
Division 1, Entitled “Generally” By Amending Sections 46-291, 46-292, 46- 296, And Division 2, Entitled “Noise” By
Amending Section 46-323. (PSD)
Motion by Bennett, supported by McLaughlin to remove from the table the first reading of an
ordinance which amends the Township Code of Ordinance, Chapter 46, Article V, Offenses Involving Public Peace And Order,
Division 1, Entitled “Generally” By Amending Sections 46-291, 46-292, 46-296, And Division 2, Entitled “Noise” By Amending
Section 46-323. Motion carried by all members present. Motion by Bennett, supported by McLaughlin to hold the second reading
and amend the Township Code of Ordinance, Chapter 46, Article V, Offenses Involving Public Peace And Order, Division 1, Entitled
“Generally” By Amending Sections 46-291, 46-292, 46-296, And Division 2, Entitled “Noise” By Amending Section 46-323. with
a publication and effective date of August 18, 2016
STATE OF MICHIGAN COUNTY OF WAYNE CHARTER TOWNSHIP
OF CANTON CHAPTER 46 AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND CHAPTER 46 OF THE CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF CAN-
TON CODE OF ORDINANCES TO REVISE SECTIONS 46-291, 46-292, 46- 296, and 46-323 TO BRING THEM INTO
COMPLIANCE WITH STATE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW STANDARDS. THE CHARTER TOWNSHIP OF CANTON
ORDAINS: SECTION 1. AMENDMENT TO CODE.
Chapter 46, Sec. 46-291 of the Charter Township of Canton Code of
Ordinances is hereby amended to read as follows:
Sec. 46-291. – Causing disturbance at gathering or meeting.
It shall be unlaw-
ful for any person within the township to wilfully and unreasonably make or excite any disturbance or contention in any tavern,
dancehall, beer garden, store or grocery, or manufacturing establishment or any other business place or in any street, lane, alley,
highway, public building, ground or parlor, or at any election or other public meeting in the township where any persons are peace-
able and lawfully assembled. Chapter 46, Sec. 46-292 of the Charter Township of Canton Code of Ordinances is hereby amended
to read as follows:
Sec. 46-292. – Loitering; disturbing religious worship.
Any person found loitering in or frequenting a house
of ill fame or prostitution, or in a place where prostitution or lewdness is practice, encouraged, or allowed, or in a place where gam-
ing of any nature is being illegally conducted, encouraged, or allowed, if such person is present with intent to patronize a prostitute,
gamble or aid or abet prostitution or gambling, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who shall loiter in or about any police
station, police headquarters building, court building, or place without any lawful purpose, including the soliciting of employment
of legal service or the services of sureties upon criminal recognizances, and refuses to leave after being instructed to do so, shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who shall willfully and unreasonably interrupt or disturb any assembly of people meeting for
religious worship, in or near the place of assembly, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. (d) Any person who loiters about hindering,
obstructing, impeding, or blocking the free and uninterrupted passage on any sidewalk, street, alley or driveway or in front of any
hall, stairway, doorway, vestibule or passageway to any store, office, courtroom, public hall, or building or any other place in the
township, and refuses to leave after once being instructed to do so, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Chapter 46, Sec. 46-296 of the
Charter Township of Canton Code of Ordinances is hereby amended to read as follows:
Sec. 46-296. – Public intoxication.
Any
person who is publicly intoxicated in a public place, and who is either endangering the safety of another person or of property or is
acting in a manner that unreasonably creates a public disturbance, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Chapter 46, Sec. 46-323 of the
Charter Township of Canton Code of Ordinances is hereby amended to read as follows:
Sec. 46-323. – Muffling of internal com-
bustion engines.
No person shall operate any internal combustion engine without an adequate muffling device to effectively elim-
inate all unreasonable, unnecessary, or excessive exhaust noise.
SECTION 2. SEVERABILITY
If any clause, sentence, section,
paragraph or part of this Ordinance, or the application of thereof to any person, firm, corporation, legal entity or circumstances, shall
be for any reason adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unconstitutional or invalid, said judgment shall not affect,
impair or invalid the remainder of this Ordinance. It is hereby declared to the legislative intent of this body that the Ordinance is
severable, and that the Ordinance would have been adopted had such invalid or unconstitutional provisions not have been included
in this ordinance.
SECTION 3. REPEAL OF CONFLICTING ORDINANCES
All Ordinance or parts of Ordinance in conflict
herewith is hereby repealed only to the extent necessary to give this Ordinance full force and effect.
SECTION 4. SAVINGS
CLAUSE
All rights and duties which have matured penalties which have been incurred, proceedings which have begun and pros-
ecution for violations of law occurring before the effective date of this Ordinance are not affected or abated by this Ordinance.
SEC-
TION 5. PUBLICATION
The Clerk for the Charter Township of Canton shall cause this Ordinance to be published in the manner
required by law.
SECTION 6. EFFECTIVE DATE
This Ordinance, as amended, shall take effect upon publication.
CERTIFI-
CATION
The foregoing Ordinance was duly adopted by the Township Board of Trustees of the Charter Township of Canton at its
regular meeting called and held on the 9 th day of August, 2016, and was ordered to be given publication in the manner required by
law. Terry G. Bennett, Clerk Introduced: July 26, 2016 Adopted: August 9, 2016 Published: August 18, 2016 Effective: August 18,
2016 A copy of the complete text of this Ordinance is available at the Clerk’s Office of the Charter Township of Canton, 1150 S.
Canton Center Road, Canton, MI., 48188, during regular business hours. The approved text of the Amendment will be published in
the Canton Eagle/Associated Newspaper within the meeting minute’s synopsis of the date of approval. A complete copy of the
Ordinances for Canton Township is available at
.
Item C-4. Consideration of Approval of Ballot Language
for a Referendum to Amend Chapter 2, Article III, Division 2, entitled “Merit System.” (Clerk)
Motion by Bennett, support-
ed by McLaughlin to approve the following summary ballot language for a referendum to amend Chapter 2, Article III, Division 2,
entitled “Merit System” of the Canton Township Code of Ordinances; to be placed on the ballet of the November 8, 2016 General
Election, as follows. Motion carried by all members present. Charter Township of Canton Referendum to Consider Approval of
Changes to the Merit Ordinance A proposal to amend Chapter 2, Article III, Division 2, of the Canton Code of Ordinances entitled
“Merit System” as follows: *Update name title from “Merit System Commission” to “Merit Commission.” *Update title of
“Personnel Director” to “Human Resources Manager.” *Add definitions. *Clarify Employee Groups covered under Ordinance.
*Update Hiring and Termination Procedures. *Update Protected Classes to comply with the law. *Change required meetings to a
minimum quarterly date. Shall the above changes be adopted? YES NO I hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and correct copy
of the ballot language approved by the Board of Trustees of the Charter Township of Canton, County of Wayne, Michigan, at a meet-
ing held on Tuesday, August 9, 2016. Terry G. Bennett, Clerk Dated: August 10, 2016
GENERAL CALENDAR: Item G-1.
Consider Increasing the Blanket Purchase Order for Dominic’s Cement Works in the Amount of $20,000 for Concrete
Repairs for Water & Sewer Utility Work. (MSD)
Motion by Bennett, supported by Sneideman to increase the Blanket Purchase
Order amount for Dominic’s Cement Works in the amount of $20,000. Motion carried by all members present.
Item G-2. Consider
Approval of WinCan CCTV Software Upgrade. (MSD)
Motion by Bennett, supported by Williams to approve a purchase order
to WinCan LLC for the purchase of VX Expert Software upgrade in the amount of $12,038, and further authorize the Township
Supervisor to accept the proposal on behalf of Canton Township. Motion carried by all members present.
Item G-3. Consider
Increase of Purchase Order for the Discover Brochure (CLS)
Motion by Bennett, supported by McLaughlin to increase the
Woodward Printing Services P.O. by $1,692 for a total of $23,642 for printing of the Discover Brochure. Motion carried by all mem-
bers present.
Item G-4. Consider Approval to Create Deputy Director Positions for Police and Fire. (PSD)
Motion by Bennett,
supported by Williams to approve the creation of a Deputy Director position for the Fire Department and a Deputy Director posi-
tion for the Police Department, both classified at Grade 12 of the Non-Union Classified Employee Grade System. Motion carried
by all members present.
Item G-5. Consideration of Approval of Maintenance Agreement with the Canton Public Library to
Share in the Cost of Maintaining Civic Center Boulevard. (FBD)
Motion by Bennett, supported by Sneideman to approve the
Road Maintenance Agreement with the Canton Public Library, and authorize the Township Supervisor to sign the agreement on
behalf of the Township. Motion carried by all members present.
Item G-6. Consider Waving the Purchasing Policy and Approve
the Emergency Replacement of Patrol Car #1326 and Approval of a Budget Amendment. (MSD)
Motion by Bennett, sup-
ported by McLaughlin to approve a budget amendment in the amount of $25,923, for the replacement of Patrol Car #1326 as fol-
lows: Increase Fund balance Appropriation: #207-000.695 (Fund Balance Appropriation by $25,923 Increase Expenditure: #207-
301-50.970_0040 (Capital Outlay – Vehicle by $25,923 Motion carried by all members present. Motion by Bennett, supported by
Sneideman to approve the purchase of the 2017 Ford Explorer from Signature Ford, 3924 W. Lansing Rd, Perry, MI 48872 (via the
Macomb County Bid #12-07 MY2016) in the amount of $25,923 funded by Police Account #207-301-50.970_0040 Capital Outlay
Vehicles. Motion carried by all members present.
ADDITIONAL PUBLIC COMMENT:
None
OTHER:
None
ADJOURN:
Motion by Anthony, supported by Williams to adjourn at 7:39 p.m. Motion carried by all members present.
_____________ Terry
G. Bennett, Clerk
Copies of the complete text of the Board Minutes are available at the Clerk’s office of the Charter Township of Canton, 1150 S.
Canton Center Rd, Canton, MI 48188, 734-394-5120, during regular business hours and can also be accessed through our web site
after Board Approval.
EC081816-1365 5 x 10.958
OFFICE OF THE WAYNE COUNTY DRAIN COMMISSIONER
NOTICE OF DAY OF REVIEW OF DRAINAGE
DISTRICT BOUNDARIES AND REVIEW OF APPORTIONMENTS
Notice Is Hereby Given that on August 31, 2016, the Wayne County Drain Commissioner will hold a
Day of Review of Drainage District Boundaries and a Day of Review of Apportionments from 9:00 a.m.
until 5:00 p.m. at the Wayne County Department of Public Services - Road Division, Central
Maintenance Yard, 29900 Goddard Road Extension, Romulus, Michigan 48242.
The Day of Review is for the purpose of reviewing and revising the boundaries of the Drainage Districts
below. Maps depicting the proposed revisions to the boundaries of each Drainage District can be
reviewed at:
The Day of Review of Drainage District Boundaries is an opportunity to review the Drainage District
boundaries with the Drain Commissioner or a member of his staff. The Drain Commissioner, engineers
and other staff members will be available to assist individuals throughout the day, and make revisions
where necessary. There is no need to schedule an appointment for a specific time on the Day of Review.
The Day of Review of Apportionments is an opportunity to review the apportionment with the Drain
Commissioner or a member of his staff. The Drain Commissioner and other staff members will be avail-
able to assist individuals throughout the day, and make revisions where necessary. There is no need to
schedule an appointment for a specific time on the Day of Review. The computation of costs for the
Drains will also be available at the Day of Review.
Drain assessments will be collected in the same manner as property taxes. If the assessment period is
greater than one year, you may pay the assessments in full with any interest to date at any time and
thereby avoid further interest charges.
Persons with disabilities needing accommodations for effective participation in the Day of Review
should contact the Wayne County Drain Commissioner's Office at (313) 749-8340 or through the
Michigan Relay Center at 7-1-1 (TDD) at least 24 hours in advance of the Day of Review to request
mobility, visual, hearing or other assistance.
You may appeal the Drain Commissioner's decision to revise the district boundary to the Wayne County
Circuit Court within ten (10) days. You may appeal the Drain Commissioner's determination of appor-
tionments to the Wayne County Probate Court within ten (10) days.
A general description of the lands by section number proposed to be added or deleted from the Drainage
Districts as recommended by a licensed professional engineer or surveyor for each of the Drains is as
follows:
Kenneth M. Kucel, P.E.
Wayne County Drain Commissioner
Telephone (313) 749-8340
In memoriam
Considered the oldest tree in Canton Township, a giant Burr
Oak, succumbed to old age last week and toppled, temporari-
ly closing the Lower Rouge River Recreational Trail while park
maintenance staff cleared the area. Canton Public Works
Manager Bob Belair said the tree was “most likely the oldest
and largest tree in Canton. In 2005 I measured the diameter at
nearly 8 feet and the circumference at almost 24 feet,” he said.
“It was a true giant and one of the focal points that determined
where we placed the trail. Only half of the tree split off. The
split was continuing to grow over the years and it was only a
matter of time before gravity won.”
